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        <fileDesc>
            <titleStmt><title>Lead water pipe, with inscription, Rome</title>
            <editor>Alison E. Cooley</editor></titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt>
                <authority>AEC/ASHL</authority>
                <idno type="filename">AN1924.8.xml</idno>
            </publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <msDesc>
                    <msIdentifier>
                        <settlement>Oxford</settlement>
                        <repository>Ashmolean Museum</repository>
                        <idno>AN1924.8</idno>
                        <altIdentifier>
                            <idno>AshLI 441</idno>
                        </altIdentifier>
                    </msIdentifier>
                    <physDesc>
                        <objectDesc>
                            <supportDesc>
                                <support>
                                    <p>A section of <material ref="http://www.eagle-network.eu/voc/material/lod/108.html">lead</material> 
                                        <objectType ref="http://www.eagle-network.eu/voc/objtyp/lod/298.html">water pipe</objectType> 
                                        (<objectType ref="http://www.eagle-network.eu/voc/objtyp/lod/121.html">fistula</objectType>) with inscription.</p>
                                    <p>Dimensions. Length: <dimensions><width unit="metre">0.355</width></dimensions>; circumference: <dim unit="metre">0.342</dim> (Accessions Register) </p>
                                </support></supportDesc>
                            <layoutDesc><layout>
                                <p></p>
                            </layout></layoutDesc>
                        </objectDesc>
                        <handDesc>
                            <handNote>Letters, <height unit="metre">0.025</height> (Accessions Register)</handNote>
                        </handDesc>
                    </physDesc>
                    <history>
                        <origin>
                            <origPlace><placeName ref="http://pleiades.stoa.org/places/423025">Rome</placeName></origPlace>
                            <origDate notBefore="0070" notAfter="0072">AD c.71 (date of Vespasian’s repair of the aqua Claudia)</origDate>
                        </origin>
                        <provenance type="found" when="1879">It was found near the aqua Claudia outside the Porta Maggiore in 
                            <placeName ref="http://pleiades.stoa.org/places/423025">Rome</placeName> (<ref target="#vickers1992">Vickers 1992</ref> p.25 fig. 24).
                            Ink labels upon the object indicate that it was found in Rome in 1879, and was given to  the  museum  by  Mr  Welbore  St.  Clair  Baddeley,
                            a  well-known  local  antiquarian  in Gloucestershire. </provenance>
                        <provenance type="autopsy" when="2014">It is currently on display in the Rome Gallery</provenance>
                    </history>
                </msDesc>
            </sourceDesc>
        </fileDesc>
    </teiHeader>
    <facsimile>
        <surface><graphic url="//latininscriptions.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/images/high/AN_1924_8.jpg"><desc>Photograph.</desc></graphic></surface>
    </facsimile>
    <text>
        <body>
           
            <div type="edition" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="Latn">
                <ab>
                    <lb n="1"/> <expan><abbr>Imp</abbr><ex>eratoris</ex></expan> 
                    <persName type="imperial" nymRef="#Vespasian"><expan><abbr>Caes</abbr><ex>aris</ex></expan> <expan><abbr>Aug</abbr><ex>usti</ex></expan>  
                        Vespasiani</persName>   
                    <lb n="2"/> sub cura <persName nymRef="#Callistus">Callisti</persName> <expan><abbr>Aug</abbr><ex>usti</ex></expan> <expan><abbr>l</abbr><ex>iberti</ex></expan> 
                        <expan><abbr>proc</abbr><ex>uratoris</ex></expan>
                </ab>
            </div>
            <div type="translation" xml:lang="en">
                <p>Of Imperator Caesar Augustus Vespasian, under the management of Callistus, imperial freedman, procurator</p>
            </div>
            <div type="apparatus"/> 
            
            <div type="commentary">
                <p>Other similar water-pipes are recorded found in the area of the via Veneto in Rome (AE 1902, nos 183-84; ILS 8678; AE 1954, no.61). 
                    The first procurator known to have been appointed in  charge  of  the  aqueducts  dates  from  the  Claudian  period:
                    as in  this  example,  he  was  an imperial  freedman,  and  would  have  been  delegated  with  tasks by  the  higher 
                    status curator aquarum (<ref target="#Bruun1991">Bruun 1991</ref>: p.207</p>
            </div>
            <div type="bibliography" subtype="Editions">
                <p>Ashmolean  Museum  Department  of  Antiquities  MS.  Accession Register  1924.8;  <ref target="#vickers1992">Vickers 1992</ref>: p.25 fig. 24</p>
            </div>
            <div type="bibliography" subtype="Scholarship">   
                <listBibl>
                    <bibl xml:id="vickers1992">
                        <author><surname>Vickers</surname> <forename>M.</forename></author>
                        <date>1992</date> <title level="m">The Ancient Romans</title>
                        <pubPlace>Oxford</pubPlace> <publisher>Ashmolean Museum</publisher>
                    </bibl>
                    <bibl xml:id="Bruun1991">
                        <author><surname>Bruun</surname> <forename>C.</forename></author>
                        <title level="m">The Water Supply of Ancient Rome: A Study of Roman Imperial Administration</title>
                        <pubPlace>Helsinki</pubPlace> <publisher>Societas Scientiarum Fennica</publisher>
                    </bibl>
                </listBibl>
            </div>
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