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            <titleStmt><title>Amphora handle, Benha, Egypt</title>
            <editor>Alison E. Cooley</editor></titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt>
                <authority>AEC/ASHL</authority>
                <idno type="filename">AN1872.1381.xml</idno>
                <idno type="TM">106262</idno>
            </publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <msDesc>
                    <msIdentifier>
                        <settlement>Oxford</settlement>
                        <repository>Ashmolean Museum</repository>
                        <idno>AN1872.1381</idno>
                        <altIdentifier>
                            <idno>AshLI 384</idno>
                        </altIdentifier>
                    </msIdentifier>
                    <physDesc>
                        <objectDesc>
                            <supportDesc>
                                <support>
                                    <p>Part of the curved handle of an <objectType ref="http://www.eagle-network.eu/voc/objtyp/lod/17.html">amphora</objectType>,
                                        of unglazed coarse red <material ref="http://www.eagle-network.eu/voc/material/lod/130.html">pottery</material>. </p>
                                </support></supportDesc>
                            <layoutDesc><layout>
                                <p>On the front, to the left, is an oval <rs type="execution" key="signaculo">stamp</rs>, with the image of 
                                    <rs type="decoration">an anchor</rs> in relief. 
                                    This is followed by the inscription, which is stamped within a rectangular frame. 
                                    (Rectangular stamped area: <height unit="metre">0.022-0.02</height>;
                                    <width unit="metre">0.09.</width>)
                                </p>
                                
                            </layout></layoutDesc>
                        </objectDesc>
                        <handDesc>
                            <handNote>Letters: <height unit="metre">0.01-0.008</height></handNote>
                        </handDesc>
                    </physDesc>
                    <history>
                        <origin>
                            <origPlace>According to the Accession Register, it was purchased from <placeName ref="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/727078">Benha</placeName> in Egypt
                                (cf CIL I2.2 no.2654i; <ref target="#chester1881">Chester 1881</ref>).</origPlace>
                            <origDate notBefore="-0075" notAfter="-0025">Mid-first century BC</origDate>
                        </origin>
                        <provenance type="observed" when="1872">According to the Accession Register, it was purchased from Benha in Egypt (cf CIL I2.2 no.2654i;
                            <ref target="#chester1881">Chester 1881</ref>). </provenance>
                        <provenance type="autopsy" when="2014"></provenance>
                    </history>
                </msDesc>
            </sourceDesc>
        </fileDesc>
    </teiHeader>
    <facsimile>
        <surface><graphic url="//latininscriptions.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/images/high/AN_1872_1381.jpg"><desc>Photograph</desc></graphic></surface>
        <surface><graphic url="//latininscriptions.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/images/high/AN_1872_1381_(1).jpg"><desc>Photograph</desc></graphic></surface>
        <surface><graphic url="//latininscriptions.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/images/high/AN_1872_1381_(2).jpg"><desc>Photograph</desc></graphic></surface>
        <surface><graphic url="//latininscriptions.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/images/high/AN_1872_1381_(3).jpg"><desc>Photograph</desc></graphic></surface>
    </facsimile>
    <text>
        <body>
           
            <div type="edition" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="Latn">
                <ab>
                    <lb n="1"/> <persName nymRef="#Galeo"><name type="praenomen"><expan><abbr>M</abbr><ex>arci</ex></expan></name> <g type="interpunct"/> 
                        <name type="gentilicium">Tucci</name> <g type="interpunct"/>
                        <persName nymRef="#LuciusTuccius"><expan><abbr>L</abbr><ex>uci</ex></expan></persName> <g type="interpunct"/> <expan><abbr>f</abbr><ex>ilii</ex></expan>
                        <g type="interpunct"/> <expan><abbr>Tro</abbr><ex>mentina tribu</ex></expan> 
                    <lb n="2"/><name type="cognomen">Galeonis</name></persName>
                </ab>
            </div>
            <div type="translation" xml:lang="en">
                <p>Of Marcus Tuccius Galeo, son of Lucius, of the Tromentina voting-tribe.</p>
            </div>
            <div type="apparatus">
                <listApp>
                    <app><note>M TVCCI I L F TRO GALEONIS (Chester) </note></app>
                </listApp>
            </div> 
            
            <div type="commentary">
                <p>Amphorae handles stamped with the name of M. Tuccius Galeo have been found in different regions (CIL I2.2 no.2654, p.737), 
                    including Italy, Sardinia, Gallia Narbonensis, and Judaea, as well as in Alexandria and the Nile delta in Egypt 
                    (<ref target="#nachtergael1978">Nachtergael 1978</ref>: pp.61-63 no.26). This is a strikingly wide distribution for amphorae of
                    Italian origin of this period. The inclusion of patronymic and voting-tribe is an unusual feature.
                    The Tromentina voting-tribe is associated with six towns in Italy (<ref target="#callender1965">Callender 1965</ref>: p.192 no.1187). 
                    It has been suggested that Tuccius Galeo may be identified with the M. Tuccius who left property in his will to Cicero in 47 BC and that his 
                    amphorae may have been manufactured in southern Italy, perhaps in the area around Brundisium 
                    (cf. CIL I2.2 no.2654a; with critical assessment of <ref target="#desy1987">Desy 1987</ref>).
                </p>
            </div>
            <div type="bibliography" subtype="Editions">
                <p><ref target="#chester1881">Chester (1881)</ref> p.74 no.1215; CIL I2.2 no.2654i (1918); 
                    Ashmolean Museum Department of Antiquities MS Accession Register 1872.1381</p>
            </div>
            <div type="bibliography" subtype="Scholarship">         
                <listBibl>
                    <bibl xml:id="callender1965">
                        <author><surname>Callender</surname> <forename>M.H.</forename></author>
                        <date>1965</date> <title level="m">Roman Amphorae with index of stamps</title>
                        <pubPlace>London</pubPlace> <publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher>
                    </bibl>
                    <bibl xml:id="chester1881">
                        <author><surname>Chester</surname> <forename>G.J.</forename></author>
                        <date>1881</date> <title level="m">Catalogue of the Egyptian Antiquities in the Ashmolean Museum </title>
                        <pubPlace>Oxford</pubPlace> <publisher>Parker</publisher>
                    </bibl>
                    <bibl xml:id="desy1987">
                        <author><surname>Desy</surname> <forename>P.</forename></author>
                        <date>1987</date> <title level="a">Les amphores de M. Tuccius Galeo et la correspondance de Cicéron</title>
                        <title level="j">Latomus</title>
                        <biblScope unit="volume">46.1</biblScope>
                        <biblScope unit="page">191-95</biblScope>
                    </bibl>
                    <bibl xml:id="nachtergael1978">
                        <author><surname>Nachtergael</surname> <forename>G.</forename></author>
                        <date>1978</date> <title level="m">La collection Marcel Hombert,</title>
                        <biblScope unit="volume">vol. 1: Timbres amphoriques et autres documents écrits, acquis en Égypte</biblScope>
                        <pubPlace>Brussels</pubPlace>
                        <publisher>Papyrologica Bruxellensia</publisher>
                    </bibl>
                </listBibl>
            </div>
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